Extra Explaining Question - NEWTON’S LAWS AND LINEAR MOMENTUM

NEWTON’S LAWS AND LINEAR MOMENTUM

1. Explain why a passenger,who is standing, might lose his balance if a train accelerates quickly out of the station
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   Passengers will lose their stability by moving backward as they will be affected by inertia
2. A parcel is on the seat ofa car. When the car breaks suddenly, the parcel moves forward and falls off the seat and on to the floor. Explain why
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   A parcel moves forward when a car suddenly stopped due to the effect of inertia. The parcel resists the state of rest
3. Explain why when you are swimming you have to push water backward so that you can move forward?
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   According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, "To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction". When you push water backwards, the reaction from the pushed water helps you to move forward.
4. Use your knowledge of momentum, explain why you bend your knees when you land after a jump
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   You bend your knees on landing increasing the stopping time so reducing the force where pain will be reduced
5. Explain why passengersshould wear seat belts in cars and coaches?
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   A seat belt helps a passenger to maintain his position due to the effect of inertia during a crash. The seat belt is made of elastic material so as to reduce stopping force by increasing stopping time; this help the passenger to reduce pain/injury.
6. Explain why it hurts more if you fall onto a concrete surface than it does if you fall onto a wooden surface?
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   It hurts more when you fall on concrete surface because the stopping force is very high due to small stopping time while it takes more time to stop when you fall on the wooden surface hence the stopping force is low hence pain will be minimized.
7. Your inertia can kill you! With reference of moving vehicles, explain the Physics behind this statement.
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   The statement “Your inertia can kill you” refers to the phenomenon where the inertia of a person inside a moving vehicle can result in severe injuries.

   • When a vehicle is in motion, its passengers continue to move forward at the same speed and direction of the vehicle.
   • During sudden stops or collision, the vehicle undergoes rapid deceleration. The passenger’s inertia resists the change in motion causing them to continue moving forward leading to severe injuries or death.
   • The law which describe this situation is the Newton’s First Law of motion and the principle of conservation of momentum.
8. Explain why it is dangerous for a person to jump from a 5m height to a concrete sidewalk while it is quite safe to jump from the same height into pile of hay.
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   It is dangerous to jump from 5 metres high to a concrete side walk because the impact force is high due to short stopping time which cause injuries. Pile of hay is soft and flexible that cause increasing stopping time resulting to reduce the impact force.